Glioma

Glioma is a category of primary brain tumors that can be divided into three categories based on the type of brain cell they form in.

• Astrocytomas are tumors that arise from star-shaped astrocyte cells.
• Ependymomas are tumors arising from the ependymal cells lining the fluid-filled parts of the brain and spinal canal.
• Oligodendrogliomas are tumors that resemble oligodendrocyte cells.

Tumors made of more than one type of cell are called mixed gliomas or oligoastrocytomas. Glioblastomas are a fast-growing subtype of astrocytoma and the most common cancerous brain tumors among adults.

Symptoms of gliomas

Common glioma symptoms include:

• Muscle weakness
• Loss of vision or double vision
• Memory loss
• Personality changes, especially irritability
• Headaches
• Seizures

Diagnosis of gliomas

First, you’ll meet with your doctor for a physical exam. You’ll discuss your symptoms and your doctor may order imaging tests, such as an MRI, a CT scan or an EEG.

After that, your doctor may perform a stereotactic biopsy using a 3D computer that guides a needle to the tumor to remove a small section for closer examination.

Treatment options

If you have a glioma, your Aurora care team – including expert neurosurgeons and neurologists – will create a personalized treatment plan to meet your needs. Treatment for gliomas typically includes a combination of brain surgery (craniotomy), radiation therapy and chemotherapy.

Glioma treatments may include the use of:

• Brain mapping technology, a minimally invasive procedure to access the tumor through a dime-sized channel, or port.
• Chemotherapy, which uses cancer-fighting drugs to stop the growth of tumors.
• Stereotactic radiotherapy, which uses high-energy radiation to treat the tumor. This may include CyberKnife^® radiosurgery, in which a noninvasive, robotic system delivers high doses of radiation to tumors with pinpoint accuracy.
• Whole brain radiation may also be used for some tumors, particularly those that have metastasized.